Furnace



June 13, 1933.

L. ClNQ-MARS FURNACE Filed April 1, 1930 INVENTOR ORNEYS.

'7 /56ENME C1 Patented June 13, 1933' TIUNITED STATES PATENT 7 OFFICE y LEGENDRE CI NQ fMARS or sen r nancrsco, canrrpenra wanes .iApplicationufiled April 1, 1930. Serial No. 440,798.

This invention relates particularlyto improvements in hot air furnaces of the gas heateditype 1 i V a An object of the invention is to provide a i 5 gas heatedhotairfurnace wherein the heated .20 latory parts of, the heater by causing the gases, heat and products of combustion, to

travel equal distances from the burner to the,

point of connection of the heating element With the flue, thru which the products of combustionare discharged to the atmosphere.

-A further object ofthe invention is to increase the efficiency of hotair heaters of the type tobe described, thru the use of fines conmeeting a heating or burner chamber .With a 9 collection chamber, thus setting up a circulationof airwithin the casing surrounding the burner and collection chambers andfiuegand exposing a relatively large area of heated surface to the air to beheated that passes thru the casing. The increase m the area of the heated parts is obtained by positioning a collection chamber for the products of com; bust1on,,1n spaced relation above the burner chamber and connecting both of sa d cham- 1 here :by fiues or.pipe'shaving fins thereon,

which: are "adapted to be heated by conduction,

and g to thus present a; relativelylarge area of heatedsurface to the air passing-thru the said casing. v-The arrangement of the collect on chamberabove, the burner ,chamher, and the conneetion of the respect ve chambers together bythe heated pipes, provides for a balanced or equalized draftand flow o f theproducts of combustion froln they burnerchamber tolthe collection chamber,

due to thefact thatthe outlet 0r discharge opening inthe collection chamber isinthe center of thetoplthereof, and the products of.

, combustionin passingfrom the burner cham- V ber to the eollectionchamber, thru theconnecting pipes, must flow an approximate uni,- form distance in every instance, and eliminates any short cutiof the products of com.- bustion from the burner chamberto the dis 6O chargeflue. Other objects and advantages are to pro;

vide a hot air furnace of the gas heated type,

that Willbe superior in pointof simplicity, inexpensiveness of construction, positiveness of operation, and facility and conveniencein w use and general efficiency, g 1 1 In this specification and the annexed dravv ing, the invention is illustrated in the form considered to be thebest, but it is to be un-j derstoodthat the invention is not limited to 70 such form, because .it may be embodied in other forms; and itis also tobejunderstood that in andby the claims followingthe description, it is desired to cover the invention in whatsoever form it may be embodied. 5 p In the accompanying one sheet of drawing: Fig. 1 represents a plan section of a furr naee with the top ofthe enclosing casing removed,taken onthe line 11 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is avertieal .cross section of the $9 furnace shown in Fig.1, taken on the line 220f Fig.1. U u 7,

Fig.3 is a topplan view of a modified form of furnace, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig.4.

Fig. is a vertical cross section taken thru 3 Fig. 3, on the, line 4.4.- Figib ea cross section takenthru one of the heater pipes,1on the line 5- 5 of Fig. 2;, l Fig. (i is an enlarged cross section thru. a

modified form .otcollectioh chamber of the,

type used in Figs. 3 ande, shovving an ar rangement of the baflled interiorthereof.

' F1g. ,7is avertical section taken thruthe collection chamber, in Fig. 3 on the-line 77-.

furnace, that the lineal distance of travel of the products of combustion from the burner chamber thru each heat distributing pipe to the outlet or flue opening, be approximately the same, thus equalizing the draft and causing a better and more efficient heating operation, due tothe fact that the burner will burn the fuel evenly and thoroughly under balanced or equalized draft conditions, hence causing the heater p art sto be lieated formly, and providing for a quicker aiid inore thorough heating of the air around said heated parts.

In detail the construction shown in the a'c i eI panyi r n cea i s aa i iiig casing 1, having screened air intake openiii'gsfl' at the bottom thereof, and a plurality 6f hot 'air du cts 3 leadingfroiii the upper, end

theater; Air admitted to. this casi g thr'u 2t.

the screened openings therein, is heated by a furnace unit consisting of a burner or heater chamber 4, a collection chaii ber rangedin spaced relation aboye the burner chamber; and ipes 6 summed at each at theo posite ends thereof, to the burner and ccillecti'oii chambers. I V, f V I z burner chamber 4 as shown iii Figs. 1 and Z'i s pf r'eferably cylindrical and at equally points amuse the outside thereof, provided with outlet openings 7, gas burner 8 is arranged iii the lower part the chainbjeif, saidhur'iier having a pipe or '9', coiine'cted thereto and ejrt'end'ed out thrii thejoutside of the enclosed easing- 1.

h steam. wee w thin -com t 1.0 that connects the outercasing 1 to the open side of the b'urnercham'ber 4. The mixture V t (1": 'f i liz 1-K H 4' 5 of 'gas and pr mary a r; is adm tted thru the pipes, 9, to the bui'iier 8, and the secensiaii. il: ecese tii te pert ei i is admitted to the burner cl'i'aniber tliru the conduitlOi V The ehllectio'ii chamber-f5 preferably ci lar in form :aiid arranged directly over the buriiei chamber 43, in spaced relation thereto. The 'collecti onchamber is pitisi d wi h. n o en n lla1t a eed. i forihspaced relation around the circumference of said chamberpand an ppenihg 12 is provided in the center brute top pi sa chamber to which a discharge flue 18' for con- Veyiiig waste products of coin'bustio'n to th atniqs herai provided The discharge the 13 might also b earrange d on the under side of the collection chamber 5. I

Oiitlefl fits. 7 n tliebuf cli ai iher 4 are co n'iefct geid "corresponding inlet ports 11; oh the @1011 action 'ch 'ifibe i iii the. 1 11 ca f f 1 9 /i' tiib la s 1 5 and 16, iii each of which mi s e s e' l 1.7. ssform whereby when the two plates are matched togetlier, the matching sen i-circular depresfojrin a circular opeiiin'g, which. is the pipe 6. The matching plates are held to i 'achi g burner chamber thrii the pipes 6 into the collection chamber and to hold back the flow of the products sufficiently to enable said products ,of combustionto flow uniformly and evenly thru all of the pipes 6 at thesame time, before entry into the collection chamber. Without the reducing annulus 15 in the upper end of each of the pipes 6, the area deepenin of said pipes is such tliat the heated products of combustion might flow thruone or two of the pipes (3, to make a short out from the burner chamber to the collection chamber rather than thru all of the pipes uniformly and evenly, hence to establish anuneven heating area within the furnace. p

I have proportioned the openings 7 from the burner chamber into the distributor pipes 6 so that the heated products of combustion (enact favor a flow or travel thru one or two of the pipes in preference to any of the others, but must flow tl'iru all of thepip'es 6 evenly and uniformly. The draft setup in the hue 13'is equalized throughout the burner and collection chambers, and connecting pipes, whereby the products of combustion, etc, in passing thru the pipes 6 into the collection chamber, travel the same distance to reach the central mitlet 12 connected with the flue. This insures a uniform heating of all parts of the burner chamber, pipes, and collection chamber, and amaximum of heat ed surface, with which the air tobe heated can contact, for an efficient and smooth bur'n-' eroperatioii. The air that passes into con-' tact with the outside of the burner chamber, heating pipes and collection chamber, does not in any ,way iiitermingle with the products of combustion which supply the heat to said tially the same manner as the form of heater previously described. The heater shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is of rectangularshape incontrast to the circular form of heater shown inFigs. 1 and 2. The modified form of heater consists ofan outer casing 31 having a screened air intake 32 at the bottom thereof and hot air ducts 33 at the top thereof. A" burner chamber 34 is provided centrally within the casing 31, and a collection chamber 35 is arranged directly above the burner chamber 34 in spaced relation thereto. The burner and collection chambers are connected together by vertically disposed pipes 36. The burner chamber 34 is provided with pairs of outlet openings 37 arranged at cor responding points along opposite sides thereof, and a similar arrangement of pairs of intake openings 41 is provided along opposite sides of the collection chamber 35. A pair of gas burners 38 are provided at the bottom ofthe burner chamber 34, said burners being connected by pipes 39 to a source of gas supply. The pipes 39 are enclosed in a conduit 40 connecting the casing 31 to the burner chamber 34. Primary air and gas is admitted thru the pipes 39 to the burner 38, and secondary air is admitted to the burner chamber thru the conduit 40 around said pipes. A fine 42 to discharge the'products ofcombustion to the atmosphere is arranged in the centerof the upper side of the collection chamber 35. A reducing annulus 45 is provided in the discharge or upper end of each of the pipes 36 where the same communicate with the collection chamber 35, to retard and hold back the flow of the products of combustion from the burner chamber into and thru the pipes to the collection chamber for the same reason as that heretofore set forth in the preferred formof the invention. The modified form of the invention as described, is provided with two pairs of pipes 36 at corresponding points on each of the opposite sides of the burner chamber 34 and collection chamber 35. The normal air flow of the products of combustion from the burner chamber to the collection chamber would be thru those pipes 36 nearest the discharge fine 42 rather than thru the pipes 36 a greater distance away from the flue 42. In order to prevent this uneven or short cut fiow of the products of combustion thru the pipes from the burner to the collection chamber,

i I have provided a horizontally disposed baffle plate 46 in the collection chamber, and a vertically disposed baffle plate 47 between the bottom of the said collection chamber and the under side of the baffle plate 46. The baffle plate 47 is disposed midway between the ends of the collection chamber and separates the pair of pipes 36 at corresponding points on one end of the. casing, from the pair of pipes 36 at corresponding points on the other end of the casing. Openings 48 are provided thru the bafiie plate 46 at a point midway between each pair of pipes 36 and at points spaced equidistant from the flue 42. Thus, the heated products of combustion passing into the collection chamber from any pair of pipes 36 must travel an equal distance to enter one of the openings chamber 51, each pairof openings being separated by a wall 52 which is connected to a bafile plate 53 disposed in a horizontal plane within the casing, said baflle plate 53 being provided with openings 54disposed therein at a point midway between each pair of intake openings. There are four of these openings 54 thus provided in the baiile plate 53,

and the two pairsof openings thus formed areseparated by a division wall 55 extending from theupperside of the baflle plate 53 to the underside of the bafiie plate 56. The baffle plate 56 is provided with openings 57 therein disposed midway between the openings 54 in the baflleplate, directly below, and said openings 57 are likewise arranged equidistant-1y from the discharge fine 58. Thus the course of travel of products of combustion admitted to the collection chamber will discharge flue. The intake openings in the collection chamber and the baiileplate openings therein, are equidistantly spaced from each other and from the discharge flue, whereby the separated quantities of the prod nets of combustion which pass thru the openings of the burner chamber, travel the same distance from said openings from the burner area to the flue outlet opening of the collection chamber.

This eliminates accumulation of unburned or waste gas; prevents hot and cold spots in the heater and otherwise provides an eflicient and economical air heating apparatus.

Having thus described this invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A heater comprising a burner chamber having a plurality of outlet openings, a burner in said chamber from which the outlet openings are substantially equidistantly spaced,-a collection chamber having a plurality of groups of intake openings and provided with an outlet opening; abafile plate interposed in the collection chamber between the groups of intake openings and the outlet opening, said baflle plate having openings therein, one adjacent each group of intake openings, the opening in said baiile being equidistant from the outlet opening, and the intake openings of each group being equidistant fromthe adjacent opening in the baffle plate; a flue connected with the outlet opening of the collection chamber; a pluralbe the same between the intake openings and i the burner and collection chambers respectively.

2. A heater comprising a burner chamber having a plurality of outlet openings, a burner in said chamber from which the outlet openings are substantially equidistantly spaced, a collection chamber having a plurality of groups vofintake openings and provided with an. outlet opening; a bafile plate interposed in the collection chamber between the groups of intake openings and the outl t opening, said bafile plate having openings therein, one adjacent each group of intake openings, the opening in said baflle being 5 equidistant from the outlet opening, and the intake openings of each group being equidistant irom the adjacent opening in the baffle plate; a flue connected With the outlet opening of the collection chamber; a plurality of pipes having intake and discharge openings in registration and in communication With the outlet and intake openings of the burner and collection chambers respectively; and a casing enclosing said burner and collection chambers and connecting pipes having an air inlet at the bottom thereof and an air outlet at the top thereof.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at San Francisco, California, this 14th day of March 1930,

LEGENDRE ClINQ-MARS. 

